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Alashwal, A M and Fong, P S (2015) Empirical Study to Determine Fragmentation of Construction Projects. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 141(07).
Albert, A, Hallowell, M R, Lingard, H and Kleiner, B M (2015) Multiple Baseline Testing: Experimental Method for Drawing Causal Inferences in Construction Engineering and Management Research. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 141(07).
Ballesteros-Pérez, P, Skitmore, M, Das, R and del Campo-Hitschfeld, M L (2015) Quick Abnormal-Bid-Detection Method for Construction Contract Auctions. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 141(07).
Bowen, P, Govender, R, Edwards, P, Cattell, K and Street, A (2015) Factors Determining South African Construction Workers’ Prejudice towards and Discrimination against HIV+ Persons. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 141(07).
El-Gafy, M and Abdelhamid, T (2015) Impact of I/D Contracts Used for Expediting Michigan’s Road Construction. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 141(07).
Feng, Y (2015) Mathematical Models for Determining the Minimum Level of Voluntary Safety Investments for Building Projects. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 141(07).
Goh, Y M and Wang, Q (2015) Investigating the Adequacy of Horizontal Lifeline System Design through Case Studies from Singapore. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 141(07).
Lee, S, Tae, S, Jee, N and Shin, S (2015) LDA-Based Model for Measuring Impact of Change Orders in Apartment Projects and Its Application for Prerisk Assessment and Postevaluation. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 141(07).
Mahalingam, A, Yadav, A K and Varaprasad, J (2015) Investigating the Role of Lean Practices in Enabling BIM Adoption: Evidence from Two Indian Cases. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 141(07).
Tsai, J and Chi, C S F (2015) Learning for Win-Win Collaboration. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 141(07).
- Type: Journal Article
- Keywords: Learning; Collaboration; Conflict management; Trust building; Organizational issues;
- ISBN/ISSN: 0733-9364
- URL: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000993
- Abstract:
This paper presents how people achieve win-win outcomes through learning via a sequence of episodes between two rival parties in an experimental study. The win-win outcomes include consequences of these episodes for both task accomplishment and for trust building. Shaped by structural conditions, an in-field learning process was tested in a classroom environment, encouraging students to practice the win-win strategy by resolving difficulties and disputes within and between small groups. In total, 64 students were divided in half and teamed up in groups of four for both experimental and control groups. Participants of the experimental group were asked to accomplish designated tasks in three episodes: (1) intragroup joint decision making to deal with a pending natural disaster; (2) negotiation between two groups to address intergroup competition; and (3) collaboration with a competitor group to achieve intergroup mutual gains through a proactive win-win strategy. The implementation of episodes is intended to explore two types of learning mechanisms: single-loop and double-loop learning models. The control group joined the experiment in the third episode. The specific goals for the experimental group to achieve are (1) in the first episode, to develop patterns of joint decision making; (2) in the second episode, to learn the consequences of zero-sum competition under the structural condition of the prisoner’s dilemma; and (3) in the third episode, to perform collaborative action with the control group under the same condition. Our findings indicate (1) positive outcomes of group learning were generated through the experiment; (2) single-loop learning was repeated multiple times in the trap of the prisoner’s dilemma; and (3) double-loop learning was driven by a realized need to escape the paradoxical trap and newfound understanding to achieve mutual gains. This study explores the role of learning in collaboration and sheds lights on the transformation process in which individuals’ behavior is shaped towards win-win collaboration.